A quick Google search on the subject kinda freaked me out, so I turned to the pros to find out what's real and what's fake news—and their answers may make you think twice next time you reach for your lighter.
"There are health risks associated with burning anything," says Well+Good Council member Sophia Gushée, an expert in toxic exposure and clean living. Otolaryngologist Nina L. Shapiro, MD, agrees. "Anything that is burned in the home creates some degree of particulate matter in air which gets breathed in," explains Dr. Shapiro, author of Hype: A Doctor's Guide to Medical Myths, Exaggerated Claims and Bad Advice—How To Tell What's Real and What's Not. By "anything," they mean all the flammable home-fragrance suspects, including incense and even candles.
Dr. Shapiro says those who suffer from environmental allergies, asthma, or any chronic lung issues may be especially susceptible to mild symptoms brought about by indoor burning—think nasal congestion, sneezing, eyes watering, coughing, or even wheezing. Yet those aren't the only potential side effects. "Extremely heavy use of incense burning, especially in closed rooms, may increase the risk of some airway cancers—primarily lung," she tells me, adding that particulate matter and chemicals called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are to blame.
Gushée, meanwhile, tells me the risk varies depending upon what you're burning. "For example, candle wax can be made of a cocktail of petrochemicals, which is a lot more risky than burning 100 percent pure beeswax," she says.
Gushée ultimately says that regardless of what you're burning, it's ideal to abstain from doing so indoors—especially if pregnant women or young children are present. "For those who can't resist, reducing your burning of things to just special moments is a huge hack in your toxic exposures," she says. "When you do burn, burn 100 percent pure things—get to know what you're burning and trust the supplier. And ventilate by opening windows if outdoor air quality is good." It can't hurt to add a few air-purifying plants and an actual, you know, air purifier into the mix, too.
This story was published on July 29, 2018. It was updated on September 29, 2020.
Next up: Your essential oil diffuser, and why you shouldn't leave it running *too* long. Plus, here are some icky things you never realized about the way you store your toothbrush. (Sorry!)
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