Welcome to Passport Nutrition. We’re mapping the flavors of the world one country at a time by speaking with people who wrap their careers around cuisine as well as those who simply savor an hour spent in the kitchen after work. You’ll find that a “healthy plate” isn’t one size—or country—fits all.
Ask your social circle for a definition of healthy eating and chances are you’ll be met with responses that run the gamut. Meat or no meat, cow’s milk or oat milk, carbs or no carbs… The debate over what it actually looks like to eat healthy reaches the same heights of whether Ross and Rachel were really on a break. People get heated.
Imagine taking that conversation global. What does eating healthy look like to people in Japan, India, or Argentina? Well, you’re about to find out. Detailed here is how seven different parts of the world—including the United States—define healthy eating, according to the nutritional guidelines from their governments. What do we all have in common? Where do we differ? You’re about to get schooled.
How nutritional guidelines compare and contrast across the globe
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United States of America
The nutritional guidelines in the United States are determined by the department of Health & Human Services (HHS) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and are reevaluated every five years to take into consideration any new, emerging scientific data. You know that food pyramid we were all taught in elementary school? It’s totally outdated—and has been since 2011 when the government introduced a new model they call My Plate.
Set up like a plate, the latest nutritional guidelines emphasize the importance of vegetables, grains, fruits, and protein, and dairy. Below is the breakdown of what they specifically recommend for adult women, per day:
- 2 1/2 cups of vegetables
- 6 ounces of grains
- 1 1/2 to 2 cups of fruit
- 5 to 5 1/2 ounces of protein
- 3 cups of dairy
“The core recommendations for these healthy eating patterns are unchanged from previous editions of the Guidelines, and continue to encourage Americans to consume more healthy foods like vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fat-free and low-fat dairy products, lean meats, seafood, other protein foods, and oils,” the HHS’s site reads. “They also recommend limiting sodium, saturated and trans fats, and added sugars.”
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Japan
Over 6,000 miles away in Japan, the country’s Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture, and Forestry and Fisheries all had input as to what the nutritional guidelines should be, parlaying the information to citizens in the form of a spinning top, which was meant to look like a popular traditional Japanese toy. At the top of the, er, top are grain-based dishes such as rice, bread, noodles, and pasta. This is followed by vegetable-based dishes, then fish, eggs, and meat dishes. Milk and fruit are at the bottom.
The “spinning” nature represents the importance of physical activity and regular movement. The nutritional guidelines also emphasize the importance of staying hydrated with water and tea. Below is a breakdown of the recommended food groups, per daily serving:
- 5 to 7 servings of grains
- 5 to 6 servings of vegetables
- 3 to 5 servings of fish, eggs, and meat
- 2 servings of fruit
- 2 servings of milk
The spinning top is reminiscent of the Food Pyramid of yore. If your best life includes a diet heavy on carbs, you may find yourself really thriving in Japan, where rice is served at virtually every meal.
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India
India’s nutritional guidelines come via a food pyramid created by the National Institute of Nutrition. “A balanced diet is one which provides all the nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions. It can easily be achieved through a blend of the four basic food groups,” the dietary guidelines handbook for India reads.
Those food groups are reflected in their food pyramid. At the bottom are cereals, grains, legumes, and beans, which citizens are recommended to “consume adequately.” The second base of the pyramid consists of fruit and veggies, which should be eaten “sufficiently.” Meat and oils are recommended to be consumed only moderately, and processed foods or anything high in sugar and fat should be eaten sparingly. The guidelines also call out alcohol and tobacco from being healthy at all, and also encourage exercise and physical activity. Below is a more comprehensive breakdown:
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